Battery Of E-bike
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Types of e-bike batteries:
Selecting a good battery directly determines its efficiency and the distance you can travel on a single charge. Even with the same size and weight, different batteries can work quite differently depending on the type and structure. All batteries have characteristics including capacity, voltage, size, weight, charging time and total battery life.
Li-ion battery
The most popular and optimal type of battery for an e-bike today. A lithium battery has the best combination of total weight and capacity. The specific capacity of lithium-ion batteries is the highest of all existing types and this is their main advantage. Lithium-ion batteries do not have the 'memory' effect.
The disadvantages of this type include sensitivity to temperature conditions and an inability to charge quickly. The lithium-ion battery is also sensitive to overheating and requires control of the discharge mode. Ageing and loss of capacity occur over time. The number of cycles is about 400, which is two and a half times more than the lead-acid battery.
Li-Po
This type of battery is popular mainly among cell phone manufacturers because it's incapable of operating an e-bike and does not withstand impacts and vibrations during the ride.
It is designed for use in electric cars where such vibrations are impossible. It is used very often in aircraft models where weight is important.
This is the most dangerous battery in terms of ignition! Under unfavourable circumstances (short circuits, failure of the BMS, accident) there is a high risk of ignition.
LiFePo4
This is a relatively new but already popular type of battery. The advantages of this battery include frost resistance (it works in temperatures as low as -30 degrees Celsius without loss of capacity) and its ability to charge quickly. This type of battery has the largest number of full cycles, which is about 1,000. It is less susceptible to ageing than the usual Li-ion. It is also devoid of the memory effect. The disadvantages of LiFePo4 batteries include low specific capacity and high cost.
Tips for extending the life of e-bike battery:
Tip 1 – Always keep power of battery no less than 20%.
Deep discharge makes the battery too difficult to use and reduces its capacity in future. A lithium battery starts to oxidise, which has a negative effect on capacity as well as battery life. In the case of switching off (e.g. in winter), it is recommended that the battery be fully charged at least once every 90 days.
Tip 2 – Do not charge the battery immediately after riding.
The battery should cool down before charging. If we start charging a heated battery, it will not be able to cool down at all, and degradation will be much faster.
Tip 3 – Do not fully charge the battery.
When charging the battery above 80% of its capacity , the internal resistance of the battery increases, the battery heats up more and this significantly accelerates the degradation process.
Tip 4 – Avoid extreme temperatures.
High temperatures and frost affect performance and shorten battery life. Never store the battery outside where it will be exposed to temperatures below 0ºC. Similarly, we recommend not storing the battery at temperatures above 30ºC. Furthermore, avoid long parking under direct sunlight.
